Benthic (sediment) microbial fuel cells were developed for an electric current generation. Bottom sediments from lake Karasun (Krasnodar, ) were used to create isolated bioelectricity producing system. Dependence of electrical power and current on external resistance was studied. Differences of optimal bioelectricity producing parameters depending on system aging were found.

Fei Zhang, Lei Tian, Zhen He, 2011. "Powering a wireless temperature sensor using sediment microbial fuel cells with vertical arrangement of electrodes," Journal of Power Sources, 196: 9568-9573. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2011.07.037

 

Guzman, JJ, Cooke, KG, Gay, MO, Radachowsky, SE, Girguis, PR., Chiu, MA., 2010. "Benthic microbial fuel cells: Long-term power sources for wireless marine sensor networks," Published in Proceedings: SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing May, pp.1-12

 

Logan, BE, Hamelers, B., Rozendal, R., Schröder, U., Keller, J. et al., 2006. "Microbial fuel cells: Methodology and technology," Environmental Science & Technology, 40: 5181-5192. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es0605016

 

Logan, BE, 2008. Microbial fuel cells. Hoboken, N.J., U.S.A.: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

 

Seok Won Hong, Han S. Kim, Tai Hak Chung, 2010. "Alteration of sediment organic matter in sediment microbial fuel cells,"Environmental Pollution 158: 185-191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2009.07.022

 

Tender, LM, Gray, SA, Groveman, E., Lowy, DA, Kauffman, P., Melhado, J., Tyce, RC, Flynn, D., Petrecca, R., Dobarro, J., 2008. "The first demonstration of a microbial fuel cell as a viable power supply: Powering a meteorological buoy," Journal of Power Sources, 179: 571-575. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.12.123